Swine flu cases in India

Three more people were confirmed to be infected with influenza A(H1N1) Monday, taking the number of swine flu cases in the country to 23. However, Health Minister Ghulam Nabi Azad said the situation was under control as 11 of the infected had recovered.

He also said people who plan to visit the US should suspend their plans. The US is among the countries badly hit by the virus and most of the swine flu cases in India are those who arrived from that country.

'Medicine is available in plenty and the most important thing is that this disease is 100 percent curable. Of the total 23 cases, 11 have already been treated and discharged. So you are only left with 12 cases,' Azad told reporters in New Delhi.

He said keeping in mind the size and population of the country, 11-12 cases were nothing as compared to the huge numbers most developed countries have reported.

Chairing a review meeting at Nirman Bhavan, the minister, however, expressed concern over the spread of flu to smaller towns.

His concern was over the fact that nine children from Jalandhar in Punjab were quarantined after one of their classmates tested positive for the flu and was hospitalised in Delhi.

The quarantined students were part of a group of 31 students and three teachers of the Guru Amar Das Public school that had gone to New York and Florida on an educational trip to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

A team of four doctors from the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) in New Delhi has gone to Jalandhar to oversee the treatment of the students, the minister was told.

Azad said the director general of health services should immediately send a Rapid Response Team to Punjab and make available adequate quantities of Tamiflu tablets to help contain spread of the disease.

Azad also spoke to chief ministers of all the states urging them to gear up the state health machineries to tackle the possible spread of virus.

In Hyderabad, two sisters aged eight and four, and a 45-year-old woman were late Sunday confirmed to be infected, taking the total number of cases in Andhra Pradesh to 12, the highest in India. The confirmed cases include five children.

The two children and their mother arrived in Hyderabad from New York June 10 by Indian Airlines Flight IA-140. Their mother is among five air passengers kept under observation for suspected symptoms of swine flu.

Doctors at the Andhra Pradesh Chest Hospital said the samples of the suspected cases, including two children had been sent to the NICD in New Delhi.

Health officials said they would also screen passengers of IA-140 who sat three rows in front and three rows behind the two girls and their mother.

The 45-year-old woman, who also tested positive late Sunday, is staying in the hospital along with her 20-month-old grandson who was confirmed to be infected Friday.

Authorities have also sent for testing the samples of the grandfather of a six-year-old girl who tested positive last week. He has been staying with the girl in the hospital.

Health officials said all the infected persons came from abroad, majority of them from the US.

Meanwhile, the state authorities are set to launch an exclusive interactive voice response (IVRS) facility on influenza A(H1N1). The IVRS facility will provide information and clarify doubts among the general public with regards to the flu.

Controls of swine flu

A new research has suggested that targeting children for vaccination could help control the spread of pandemics such as the current swine flu.
The study suggests that targeting kids is the best way of using limited supplies of the vaccine currently being developed.
Ever since the World Health Organization declared a pandemic global H1N1 swine flu, countries are looking at ways to control the spread of the disease.
These measures include the use of antiviral treatments, such as oseltamivir, social distancing (for example, closing schools and stopping public transport) and quarantining infected individuals.
Pharmaceutical companies have also stepped up production of vaccines effective against this particular strain of the virus.
However, if the spread of the disease increases significantly in the autumn, as some scientists predict, it is unlikely that supplies of the new vaccine will be sufficient to vaccinate entire populations.
Dr Thomas House and Professor Matt Keeling from the University of Warwick have used computer modelling to predict the spread of pandemic influenza and to look at ways of controlling it effectively, particularly where supplies of vaccine are not sufficient for universal coverage.
The researchers showed that the disease is likely to spread fastest in densely populated conurbations, suggesting that these should be priority areas for tackling the spread.
However, they showed that vaccinating entire households at random was an inefficient use of resources; instead, vaccinating key individuals offered sufficient protection to others in their household.
Although a simplification of the complex reality of pandemic flu transmission, the researchers believe their model provides a robust argument for vaccinating children.
"Our models suggest that the larger the household - which in most cases means the more children living at home - the more likely the infection is to spread," said Keeling.
"This doesn't mean that everyone in the household needs to be vaccinated, but suggests that vaccination programmes for children might help control a potential pandemic," Keeling added.
The researchers argue that targeting children for vaccination would not only help protect those at greatest risk of exposure to the virus, but would also offer protection to unvaccinated adults.
This so-called "herd immunity" effect would mean that significantly less vaccine would be necessary to help control the spread of the virus than if it were offered to everyone.

Swine flu symptoms in Punjab School

Five more students with swine flu symptoms were hospitalised in this Punjab city on Tuesday and their blood samples sent to the National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) in New Delhi for tests, officials said.
The students complained of high fever, sore throat and shivering. Nine of their schoolmates were quarantined in the hospital on Sunday.
The students were part of a group of 31 students and three teachers of the Guru Amar Das Public School that went to New York and Florida on an educational trip to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
"Five more students with suspected swine flu virus were admitted in Jalandhar on Tuesday. They had travelled along with other infected students in the same flight. We have sent their blood samples to Delhi," Roop Lal, Jalandhar district health officer, told IANS.
Of the nine students admitted to the civil hospital on Sunday, seven have tested positive for the infection while the reports of the other two are still awaited.
"A special OPD has been set up for those showing symptoms of the virus. The seven students who tested positive for influenza A (H1N1) yesterday (Monday) have been kept in isolation wards and are under constant observation," said Lal.
He said a list of people who came in contact with the infected students before being hospitalised was being prepared.
SS Walia, a surgeon at the civil hospital who is treating the infected students, told IANS: "The seven students with confirmed reports of swine flue are normal and recovering fast. There is no need to panic and the situation is under our control."
The 31 students of the Guru Amar Das Public School and their three escorting teachers returned from the US to New Delhi Saturday aboard a Qatar Airlines flight via Doha.
One of them, a Class 12 student, tested positive for the swine flu virus in New Delhi. He was admitted to a Delhi hospital on Saturday immediately after landing at the Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA).
The rest of the group travelled to Jalandhar by road.
"The school administration and health authorities acted very irresponsibly in this matter. After the detection of the first case in Delhi, they should not have allowed the rest of the group to travel without properly diagnosing them," said a relative of a student in Jalandhar.
A health official said: "We have also identified eight other passengers of the Qatar Airlines flight, six of whom are from Punjab, who came in contact with the infected students. We have advised them to take required precautions and to immediately report to the doctor in case they detect any symptom of swine flu."
Blood samples of another person who landed at Amritsar airport from Birmingham Monday were also sent to the NICD after he showed the symptoms of the swine flu.